Washing compositions comprising at least one amphiphilic block copolymer and at least one cationic or amphoteric polymer

ABSTRACT

A composition for washing a keratinous substance comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable aqueous or aqueous/alcoholic medium,  
     at least one linear block copolymer comprising at least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block, with the exception of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide, block copolymers comprising urethane units and block copolymers comprising siloxane units,  
     at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers, and  
     at least one anionic surface-active agent in combination with at least one additional surface-active agent chosen from nonionic surface-active agents and amphoteric surface-active agents,  
     and a method for washing keratinous substances, for example, keratinous fibers using said composition.

[0001] This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional ApplicationNo. 60/385,565 filed Jun. 5, 2002.

[0002] Disclosed herein are foaming and detergent compositions, intendedto wash, condition and style hair, comprising at least one amphiphilicblock copolymer and at least one polymer chosen from cationic andamphoteric polymers.

[0003] Cationic polymers are by far most widely used in shampoos forfacilitating disentangling of wet hair and improving its softness afterdrying. However, these polymers may exhibit a mediocre styling power andmay not make it possible to give body to the hair.

[0004] The combination of such cationic conditioning polymers withanionic fixing polymers can result in an improvement in the stylingperformance of shampoos (body and form retention) but may unfavorablyalter the feel of the hair by rendering it dry and rough.

[0005] The use of silicones or of a mixture of silicones and of cationicpolymers in styling shampoos can provide good disentangling of the hairbut may confer on it an excessively silky feel which may not be desiredfor such styling shampoos.

[0006] Block copolymers comprising silicone blocks, used alone or incombination with cationic polymers, can facilitate the disentangling andcan improve the styling power of shampoos but also can give anexcessively silky feel.

[0007] Polyurethanes comprising polyester or polyether blocks,optionally in combination with cationic film-forming polymers, for theirpart can result in a waxy, sometimes sticky, feel.

[0008] Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide canhave virtually no beneficial effect on the hair.

[0009] The inventors have surprisingly discovered that the use of acationic polymer in combination with an amphiphilic linear blockcopolymer in a specific base for washing compositions, such as shampoos,can make it possible to obtain products with at least one of thefollowing effects: improving the disentangling of the hair in the wetstate; giving body to dried hair; and facilitating the shaping of thehairstyle and the form retention of the latter without detrimentallyaffecting the smooth and glossy appearance and the pleasant touch of thetreated hair.

[0010] Disclosed herein is a composition for washing a keratinoussubstance, for example, keratinous fibers, comprising, in a cosmeticallyacceptable aqueous or aqueous/alcoholic medium,

[0011] at least one linear block copolymer comprising at least onehydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block, with the exceptionof block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide, blockcopolymers comprising urethane units and block copolymers comprisingsiloxane units,

[0012] at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphotericpolymers, and

[0013] at least one anionic surface-active agent in combination with atleast one additional surface-active agent chosen from nonionicsurface-active agents and amphoteric surface-active agents.

[0014] Further disclosed herein is the use of such a composition forwashing a keratinous substance, for example, keratinous fibers.

[0015] The at least one linear block copolymer which can be used in thecompositions disclosed herein is an “amphiphilic” copolymer, i.e., acopolymer comprising both hydrophobic blocks and hydrophilic blocks.

[0016] As used herein, the term “hydrophobic blocks” means blockscomprising at least 75 mol % of water-insoluble monomers and the term“hydrophilic blocks” means blocks comprising at least 75 mol % ofwater-soluble monomers.

[0017] As used herein, a “water-soluble” monomer is a monomer which,when it is introduced into water at a temperature of 25° C. and at aconcentration by weight of 0.5%, optionally neutralized, makes itpossible to obtain a macroscopically homogeneous and transparentsolution, i.e., having a light transmission value, at a wavelength of500 nm, through a sample with a thickness of 1 cm, for example, of atleast 70%, further, for example, of at least 80%.

[0018] The water-soluble monomers forming the at least one hydrophilicblock of the at least one linear block copolymer used herein can bechosen from monomers of anionic, nonionic and cationic nature and can beused alone or in the form of a mixture comprising two or more differentmonomers.

[0019] For example, the anionic water-soluble monomers may be chosenfrom monomers of carboxylic acids comprising ethylenic unsaturation,such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid,crotonic acid and maleic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonicacid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid and vinylphosphonic acid.

[0020] The nonionic water-soluble monomers may, for example, be chosenfrom acrylamides, N-(C₁₋₆ alkylated)acrylamides and N,N-di(C₁₋₃alkylated)acrylamides, polyethylene glycol acrylate, polyethylene glycolmethacrylate, N-vinylacetamide, N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide,N-vinylformamide, N-methyl-N-vinylformamide, N-vinyllactams comprisingat least one cyclic group chosen from cyclic groups comprising from 4 to9 carbon atoms, vinyl alcohol (copolymerized in the form of vinylacetate and then hydrolyzed), ethylene oxide, hydroxyethyl acrylate,hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropylmethacrylate.

[0021] The cationic water-soluble monomers may, for example, be chosenfrom dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, methylvinylimidazolium chloride,2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, N-(C₁₋₄alkyl)-4-vinylpyridinium halides, such as N-methyl-4-vinylpyridiniumiodide, vinylamine and monomers of the following formula:

H₂C═CR₁−CO−X₂

[0022] wherein:

[0023] R₁ is chosen from a hydrogen atom and a methyl group;

[0024] X₂ is chosen from linear and branched C₁₋₆ hydrocarbonaceousgroups carrying at least one entity chosen from primary, secondary andtertiary amine functional groups; quaternary nitrogen atoms; groups offormula NHR₂; and groups of formula NR₂R₃, wherein R₂ and R₃, which maybe identical or different, can each be chosen from linear and branchedC₁₋₆ hydrocarbonaceous groups carrying at least one entity chosen fromprimary, secondary and tertiary amine functional groups and quaternarynitrogen atoms.

[0025] The water-insoluble monomers forming the at least one hydrophobicblock of the at least one linear block copolymer disclosed herein can,for example, be chosen from vinylaromatic monomers, such as styrene andits alkylated derivatives, for example, 4-butylstyrene, α-methylstyreneand vinyltoluene; dienes, such as butadiene and 1,3-hexadiene; alkylatedderivatives of dienes, such as isoprene and dimethylbutadiene;chloroprene; C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl and C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl acrylates; C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl and C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl methacrylates, for example, methyl,ethyl, n-butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, tert-butyl, isobornyl, phenyl and benzyl(meth)acrylates; vinyl acetate; vinyl ethers of formula CH₂═CH-O-R andallyl ethers of formula CH₂═CH-CH₂-O-R wherein R is chosen from C₁₋₆alkyl groups; acrylonitrile; vinyl chloride; vinylidene chloride;caprolactone; ethylene, propylene, and fluorinated vinyl monomers; andvinyl monomers comprising at least one perfluorinated chain, such asfluoroalkyl acrylates and methacrylates and alkyl α-fluoroacrylates.

[0026] As indicated above with respect to the definition of thehydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks of the block copolymers, thewater-insoluble monomers and the water-soluble monomers represent atleast 75 mol % respectively of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks.In other words, each hydrophobic block can comprise up to 25 mol % of atleast one water-soluble monomer. This proportion may, for example, be atmost equal to 10 mol % and further, for example, may be less than orequal to 5 mol %.

[0027] Similarly, each hydrophilic block can comprise, for example, upto 25 mol %, and further, for example, up to 10 mol % and even further,for example, up to 5 mol % of at least one water-insoluble monomer.

[0028] The at least one linear block copolymer disclosed herein canalso, for example, be chosen from copolymers wherein the at least onehydrophilic block and the at least one hydrophobic block are composedexclusively of water-soluble monomers and of water-insoluble monomersrespectively. The at least one hydrophilic block and the at least onehydrophobic block can be chosen from homopolymer blocks and copolymerblocks comprising at least two different monomers of the same type.

[0029] The number-average molecular mass of each block, whetherhydrophobic or hydrophilic or copolymer or homopolymer, can range, forexample, from 500 to 100 000, and further, for example, from 500 to 50000, with a polydispersity index (M_(w)/M_(n)) ranging, for example,from 1.01 to 3.0, and further, for example, from 1.1 to 2.5.

[0030] The at least one linear block copolymer disclosed herein can bechosen, for example, from:

[0031] diblock copolymers of formula AB,

[0032] triblock copolymers of formulae ABA and BAB, and

[0033] multiblock copolymers comprising at least two hydrophilic blocksand at least two hydrophobic blocks arranged alternately, wherein A isthe at least one hydrophilic block and B is the at least one hydrophobicblock, and it is possible for the blocks A of the same polymer to beidentical or different and it is possible for the blocks B of the samepolymer to be identical or different.

[0034] For example, the at least one linear block copolymer can bechosen from diblock copolymers and triblock copolymers comprising ahydrophilic central block and two hydrophobic side blocks

[0035] The washing compositions, such as shampoos, disclosed herein may,for example, comprise the at least one linear block copolymer in adissolved or finely dispersed state, in other words, the at least onelinear block copolymer may, for example, be soluble or finelydispersible in the cosmetically acceptable medium.

[0036] As used herein, the term “soluble” or “finely dispersible” in agiven medium means that polymers which, introduced into such a medium ata temperature of 25° C., optionally neutralized and at a concentrationby weight of 0.1%, make it possible to obtain a macroscopicallyhomogeneous and transparent or translucent solution or suspension, i.e.,having a light transmission value, at a wavelength equal to 500 nm,through a sample with a thickness of 1 cm, of at least, for example,70%, and further, for example, of at least 80%.

[0037] The at least one linear block copolymer may, for example, bechosen from water-soluble copolymers, optionally in the neutralizedform.

[0038] The concentration of the at least one linear block copolymer inthe washing compositions disclosed herein may, for example, range from0.01 to 20% by weight, and further, for example, range from 0.1 to 5% byweight, with respect to the total weight of the washing composition.

[0039] The at least one linear block copolymer disclosed herein can beprepared by the synthetic processes conventionally used to produce blockpolymers. Mention may be made, for example, of anionic or cationicpolymerizations and controlled radical polymerization (see “New Methodof Polymer Synthesis”, Blackie Academic & Professional, London, 1995,volume 2, page 1, or Trends Polym. Sci., 4, page 183 (1996) by C. J.Hawker), wherein the controlled radical polymerization can be carriedout according to different processes, for example, atom transfer radicalpolymerization (ATRP) (see JACS, 117, page 5614 (1995), by Matyjasezwskiet al.), or the method of radicals, such as nitroxides (Georges et al.,Macromolecules, 26, page 2987 (1993)).

[0040] The processes to produce just one of the two types of blocks ofthe at least one linear block copolymer disclosed herein can also beused, wherein the other block is introduced into the final polymer viathe initiator used or by a coupling reaction between the at least onehydrophilic block and the at least one hydrophobic block.

[0041] The at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphotericpolymers. used in the compositions disclosed herein, in combination withthe at least one linear block copolymer described above can, forexample, be chosen from synthetic polymers and polymers obtained bychemical modification of polysaccharides.

[0042] The cationic polymers may, for example, be chosen from thosedisclosed in Patent Application Nos. EP 0 337 354, FR 2 270 846, FR 2383 660, FR 2 598 611, FR 2 470 596 and FR 2 519 863.

[0043] The cationic polymers may, for example, be chosen from polymerscomprising units comprising at least one group chosen from primary,secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine groups, which may form part ofthe main macromolecular chain and/or may be carried by at least one sidegroup directly connected to the main macromolecular chain.

[0044] The cationic polymers may, for example, be chosen from polymersof the polyquaternary amine type, polymers of the polyquaternaryaminoamide type, and polymers of the polyquaternary ammonium type. Thesepolymers are known products.

[0045] For example, the polymers of the polyquaternary amine,polyquaternary aminoamide and polyquaternary ammonium type which can beused in the compositions disclosed herein can be chosen from thosepolymers disclosed in French Patent Nos. 2 505 348 and 2 542 997.

[0046] For example, the synthetic cationic polymers may be chosen frompolymers of the following families:

[0047] (1) homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic esters, methacrylicesters, acrylamides and methacrylamides comprising at least one aminefunctional group, comprising at least one unit of following formulae:

[0048] wherein:

[0049] R₃, which may be identical or different, is chosen from ahydrogen atom and a CH₃ group;

[0050] A, which may be identical or different, is chosen from linear andbranched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example,2 or 3 carbon atoms, and hydroxyalkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4carbon atoms;

[0051] R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a benzylgroup, and, for example, alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbonatoms;

[0052] R₁ and R₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom a hydrogen atom and alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbonatoms, for example, methyl groups and ethyl groups;

[0053] X⁻is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic andorganic acids, such as a methyl sulfate anion and halides, such aschloride and bromide.

[0054] The copolymers of the family (1) can further comprise at leastone unit deriving from comonomers which may be chosen from acrylamides,methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamidessubstituted on the nitrogen atom by at least one group chosen from lowerC₁₋₄ alkyl groups, groups derived from acrylic and methacrylic acids andfrom their esters, vinyllactams, such as vinylpyrrolidone andvinylcaprolactam, and vinyl esters.

[0055] For example, the copolymers of the family (1) may be chosen from:

[0056] copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylatewhich may be quaternized with dimethyl sulfate or with a dimethylhalide, such as that sold under the name Hercofloc® by Hercules,

[0057] copolymers of acrylamide and ofmethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, disclosed, for example,in Patent Application No. EP-A-080 976 and sold under the name Binaquat®P 100 by Ciba-Geigy,

[0058] copolymers of acrylamide and ofmethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate sold under the nameReten® by Hercules,

[0059] vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate and methacrylatecopolymers, which may or may not be quaternized, such as the productssold under the name Gafquat® by ISP, for example, Gafquat® 734 andGafquat® 755, and the products named Copolymer 845, 958 and 937. Thesepolymers are disclosed in detail in French Patent Nos. 2 077 143 and 2393 573,

[0060] dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidoneterpolymers, such as the product sold under the name Gaffix® VC 713 byISP,

[0061] vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers,sold, for example, under the name Styleze® CC 10 by ISP, and

[0062] vinylpyrrolidone/quaternized dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamidecopolymers, such as the product sold under the name Gafquat® HS 100 byISP;

[0063] (2) Polymers comprising at least one piperazinyl unit and atleast one unit chosen from alkylene and hydroxyalkylene units, whereinthe alkylene and hydroxyalkylene units comprise at least one groupchosen from straight- and branched-chain alkylene and hydroxyalkylenegroups respectively, optionally interrupted by at least one entitychosen from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen atoms, aromatic rings, andheterocyclic rings; and the oxidation and/or quaternization products ofthese polymers. Such polymers are disclosed, for example, in FrenchPatent Nos. 2 162 025 and 2 280 361;

[0064] (3) Water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared, for example, bypolycondensation of an acidic compound with a polyamine. Thesepolyaminoamides can be crosslinked by at least one crosslinking agentchosen from epihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, unsaturateddianhydrides, bisunsaturated derivatives, bishalohydrins,bisazetidiniums, bishaloacyldiamines, alkyl bishalides, and oligomersresulting from the reaction of a bifunctional compound reactive withrespect to a bishalohydrin, a bisazetidinium, a bishaloacyldiamine, analkyl bishalide, an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide and a bisunsaturatedderivative; wherein the at least one crosslinking agent is used in anamount ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 mol per amine group of thepolyaminoamide. These polyaminoamides can be alkylated or, if theycomprise at least one tertiary amine functional group, they can bequaternized. Such polymers are disclosed, for example, in French PatentNos. 2 252 840 and 2 368 508;

[0065] (4) Polyaminoamide derivatives resulting from the condensation ofpolyalkylenepolyamines with polycarboxylic acids, followed by analkylation by bifunctional agents. The polyaminoamide derivatives may,for example, be chosen from adipicacid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyl/dialkylenetriamine polymers wherein thealkyl group comprises from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and, for example, ischosen from methyl, ethyl and propyl groups and alkylene groupscomprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and, for example, is chosen fromethylene groups. Such polymers are disclosed, for example, in FrenchPatent No.1 583 363.

[0066] For example, the polyamidoamino derivatives may be chosen fromadipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl/diethylenetriamine polymers soldunder the name Cartaretine® F, F4 or F8 by Sandoz;

[0067] (5) Polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylenepolyaminecomprising two primary amine groups and at least one secondary aminegroup with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturatedaliphatic dicarboxylic acids comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms,wherein the molar ratio of the polyalkylenepolyamine to the dicarboxylicacid ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.4:1. The polyaminoamide resulting from thisreaction is subsequently brought to react with epichlorohydrin in amolar ratio of epichlorohydrin in relation to the secondary amine groupof the polyaminoamide ranging from 0.5:1 to 1.8:1. Such polymers aredisclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,227,615 and 2,961,347.

[0068] For example, polymers of this type are sold under the nameHercosett® 57 by Hercules Inc. and under the name of PD 170 andDelsette® 101 by Hercules in the case of the adipicacid/epoxypropyl/diethylenetriamine copolymer;

[0069] (6) Cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and ofdialkyldiallylammonium, such as the homopolymers and copolymerscomprising, as a main constituent of the chain, at least one unit chosenfrom units corresponding to the formulae (Va) and (Vb):

[0070] wherein:

[0071] k and t are each equal to 0 or 1, the sum k+t being equal to 1;

[0072] R₁₂, which may be identical or different, is chosen from ahydrogen atom and a methyl group;

[0073] R₁₀ and R₁₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, C₁₋₅ hydroxyalkylgroups, and lower C₁-C₄ amidoalkyl groups or R₁₀ and R₁₁ can form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, aheterocyclic group such as piperidinyl and morpholinyl;

[0074] Y⁻is an anion chosen from bromide, chloride, acetate, borate,citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate and phosphate.

[0075] These polymers are disclosed, for example, in French Patent No. 2080 759 and in its Certificate of Addition 2 190 406.

[0076] For example, the cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and ofdiallylammonium may be chosen from the homopolymers ofdimethyldiallylammonium chloride sold under the name Merquat® 100 byNalco (and its homologs of low weight-average molecular masses) and thecopolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and of acrylamide soldunder the name Merquat® 550;

[0077] (7) Diquaternary ammonium polymers comprising repeating unitscorresponding to the formula (VI):

[0078] wherein:

[0079] R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from aliphatic, alicyclic and arylaliphatic groupscomprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and lower aliphatic hydroxyalkylgroups or R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, together or separately, form, with thenitrogen atom to which they are attached, at least one heterocycleoptionally comprising a second heteroatom other than nitrogen or R₁₃,R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups substituted by at least onegroup chosen from nitrile, ester, acyl, amide, —CO—O-R₁₇-D and—CO—NH-R₁₇-D groups, wherein R₁₇, which may be identical or different,is chosen from alkylene groups and D, which may be identical ordifferent, is chosen from quaternary ammonium groups;

[0080] A₁ and B₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated polymethylene groupscomprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and which can comprise, bonded toor inserted into the main chain, at least one entity chosen fromaromatic rings, oxygen and sulfur atoms, and sulfoxide, sulfone,disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido,amide and ester groups, and

[0081] X⁻is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic andorganic acids;

[0082] A₁, R₁₃ and R₁₅ can form, with the two nitrogen atoms to whichthey are attached, a piperazine ring; in addition, if A₁ is chosen fromlinear and branched, saturated and unsaturated alkylene andhydroxyalkylene groups, B₁ can also be chosen from groups of thefollowing formula:

—(CH₂)_(n)-CO-D-OC-(CH₂)_(n)—

[0083] wherein D is chosen from:

[0084] a) glycol residues of formula —O-Z-O—, wherein Z is chosen fromlinear and branched hydrocarbonaceous groups and groups corresponding tothe following formulae:

—(CH₂-CH₂-)_(x)-CH₂-CH₂— and

—[CH₂-CH(CH₃)-O]_(y)-CH₂-CH(CH₃)—

[0085] wherein x and y, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from integers ranging from 1 to 4, representing a defined andunique degree of polymerization, or any number ranging from 1 to 4representing a mean degree of polymerization;

[0086] b) bissecondary diamine residues, such as piperazine derivatives;

[0087] c) bisprimary diamine residues of formula: —NH-Y-NH—, wherein Yis chosen from linear and branched hydrocarbonaceous groups and thedivalent group —CH₂-CH₂-S-S-CH₂-CH₂—; and

[0088] d) a ureylene group of formula —NH-CO-NH—; and

[0089] n ranges from 1 to 100, such as from 1 to 50.

[0090] In one embodiment, for example, X⁻ is chosen from anions such aschloride and bromide.

[0091] These polymers have a number-average molecular mass which mayrange, for example, from 1 000 to 100 000.

[0092] These polymers are disclosed, for example, in French Patent Nos.2 320 330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and U.S. Pat.Nos. 2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614, 2,454,547, 3,206,462, 2,261,002,2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904, 4,005,193,4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027,020.

[0093] Further, polymers that comprise repeating units corresponding tothe formula (VIl) below can be used:

[0094] wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, which may be identical or different,are each chosen from alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups comprising from 1 to4 carbon atoms; n and p, which may be identical or different, are eachan integer chosen from integers ranging from 2 to 20; and X⁻ is an anionchosen from anions derived from inorganic and organic acids.

[0095] For example, one polymer comprising repeating units of formula(VII) can be used in the compositions disclosed herein, wherein R₁, R₂,R₃ and R₄, are each a methyl group, n=3, p=6 and X=Cl, namedHexadimethrine chloride (CTFA);

[0096] (8) Polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising units of formula(VIII):

[0097] wherein:

[0098] R₁₈, R₁₉, R₂₀ and R₂₁, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from a hydrogen atom and methyl, ethyl, propyl,β-hydroxyethyl, β-hydroxypropyl and —CH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)_(p)OH groups,wherein p is equal to 0 or to an integer ranging from 1 to 6, providedthat R₁₈, R₁₉, R₂₀ and R₂₁ do not simultaneously represent a hydrogenatom,

[0099] r and s, which may be identical or different, are each an integerchosen from integers ranging from 1 to 6,

[0100] q is equal to 0 or to an integer ranging from 1 to 34,

[0101] X⁻ is chosen from anions, such as halides, and

[0102] A is chosen from divalent radicals, for example, a—CH₂-CH₂—O—CH₂-CH₂—group.

[0103] Such polymers are disclosed, for example, in patent applicationNo. EP-A-122 324.

[0104] The polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising units of formula(VIII) may, for example, be chosen from the products Mirapol® A 15,Mirapol® AD1, Mirapol® AZ1 and Mirapol® 175, sold by Miranol.

[0105] (9) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and ofvinylimidazole, for example, the products sold under the names Luviquat®FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by BASF. For example, the quaternary polymersof vinylpyrrolidone and of vinylimidazole may be chosen from copolymersof vinylpyrrolidone and of methylvinylimidazolium chloride.

[0106] (10) Polyamines, such as Polyquart® H sold by Henkel, which arereferenced under the name of Polyethylene Glycol (15) Tallow Polyaminein the CTFA dictionary.

[0107] (11) Crosslinked and noncrosslinked polymers ofmethacryloyloxy(C₁₋₄)alkyltri(C₁₋₄)alkylammonium salts, such as thepolymers obtained by homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized by methyl chloride or by copolymerization ofacrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized by methylchloride, the homopolymerization or the copolymerization being followedby a crosslinking by a compound possessing olefinic unsaturation, forexample, methylenebisacrylamide. It is also possible to use, forexample, a crosslinked acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammoniumchloride (20/80 by weight) copolymer in the form of a dispersioncomprising 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil. Thisdispersion is sold under the name of Salcare® SC 92 by Ciba. It is alsopossible to use a crosslinked homopolymer ofmethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride comprising approximately50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in a liquid ester.These dispersions are sold under the names of Salcare® SC 95 andSalcare® SC 96 by Ciba.

[0108] The cationic polysaccharide polymers may, for example, be chosenfrom polymers of the following families:

[0109] (1) The cellulose ether derivatives comprising at least onequaternary ammonium group disclosed in French Patent No. 1 492 597, forexample, the polymers sold under the “JR” (JR 400, JR 125, JR 30M) and“LR” (LR 400, LR 30M) names by Almerchol. These polymers are alsodefined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums ofhydroxyethylcellulose having reacted with an epoxide substituted by atrimethylammonium group.

[0110] (2) Cationic derivatives of celluose, such as copolymers ofcellulose and derivatives of cellulose which are grafted with at leastone water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer, and which are disclosed,for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,576, such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses,for example hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- and hydroxypropylcelluloses,grafted, for example, with at least one salt chosen frommethacryloylethyltrimethylammonium,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium and dimethyldiallylammonium salts.

[0111] The commercially available products corresponding to thisdefinition are, for example, the products sold under the name Celquat® L200 and Celquat® H 100 by National Starch.

[0112] (3) The cationic polysaccharides disclosed, for example, in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, such as cationic guar gums, forexample, comprising at least one trialkylammonium cationic group. Thecationic polysaccharides may, for example, be chosen from guar gumsmodified by a 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium salt, for example, thechloride.

[0113] Such products are sold, for example, under the tradenames ofJaguar® C13 S, Jaguar® C 15, Jaguar® C 17 and Jaguar® C162 by Meyhall.

[0114] (4) Chitosans and the salts thereof, such as chitosan acetate,lactate, glutamate, gluconate and pyrrolidonecarboxylate.

[0115] For example, the chitosans and the salts thereof may be chosenfrom chitosans having a degree of deacetylation of 90.5% by weight soldunder the name Kytan Brut Standard by Aber Technologies and the chitosanpyrrolidonecarboxylate sold under the name Kytamer® PC by Amerchol.

[0116] The synthetic amphoteric polymers may, for example, be chosenfrom:

[0117] (1) copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and of acrylicacid, sold, for example, under the names Merquat® 280 and Merquat® 295by Nalco;

[0118] (2) terpolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, ofacrylamide and of acrylic acid, sold, for example, under the nameMerquat® Plus 3330 by Nalco;

[0119] (3) terpolymers of acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, ofacrylamide and of 2-amidopropanesulfonic acid, sold, for example, underthe name Bozequat® 4000 by Hoechst, and

[0120] (4) terpolymers of methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammoniumchloride, of methyl acrylate and of acrylic acid, sold, for example,under the name Merquat® 2001 by Nalco.

[0121] The amphoteric polymers derived from polysaccharides may, forexample, be chosen from polymers of the following families:

[0122] (1) guar gums carrying at least one cationic group and at leastone anionic group, wherein the at least one cationic group can, forexample, be chosen from primary, secondary and tertiary amine groups,and ammonium, sulfonium and phosphonium groups, and the at least oneanionic group can, for example, be chosen from carboxyl, sulfonate,sulfate, phosphate and phosphonate groups, prepared in accordance withthe process disclosed in Patent Application No. EP 0 943 627;

[0123] (2) amphoteric derivatives of cellulose ethers, disclosed ininternational Patent Application No. WO 90/03779, comprising on average,per glucose unit, at least 0.1 group comprising at least one functionalgroup chosen from amine and ammonium functional groups of formula (I)below and at least 0.1 group comprising at least one carboxyl functionalgroup of formula (II) below:

—[(CH₂)_(m)-N⁺R¹R²]_(x)-R³  (I)

—C_(n)H_(2n)-COO⁻  (II)

[0124] wherein: m=2-4, n=1-3, x=0-3; R¹ and R², which may be identicalor different, are each chosen from C₁₋₄ alkyl groups; and R³ is chosenfrom —(CH₂)_(m)-NR¹R² and —(CH₂)_(m)-N⁺R¹R²R⁴ groups wherein R⁴ ischosen from C₁₋₄ alkyl groups and —C_(n)H_(2n)-COO⁻groups;

[0125] (3) polymers derived from chitosans comprising unitscorresponding to the following formulae:

[0126] wherein the unit (A) is present in a proportion ranging from 0 to30%, the unit (B) is in a proportion ranging from 5 to 50% and the unit(C) in a proportion ranging from 30 to 90%, wherein, in the unit (C),R₁₆ is chosen from groups of formula:

[0127] wherein, if q=0, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from a hydrogen atom, methyl, hydroxyl,acetoxy and amino residues, monoalkylamino residues and dialkylaminoresidues, these residues being optionally interrupted by at least onenitrogen atom and/or optionally substituted by at least one entitychosen from amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio and sulfonic groups,and alkylthio residues wherein the alkyl group carries at least oneamino residue, at least one of the R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ groups being, inthis case, a hydrogen atom;

[0128] or, if q=1, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from a hydrogen atom, and the acid and baseaddition salts thereof;

[0129] (4) Polymers obtained by N-carboxylation of chitosan, such as theN-carboxymethylchitosan and the N-carboxybutylchitosan sold under thename Evalsan® by Jan Dekker.

[0130] The at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphotericpolymers disclosed herein may, for example, be film-forming polymers.

[0131] The at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphotericpolymers may, for example, be present in the washing compositionsdisclosed herein in a concentration ranging from 0.001% to 20% byweight, further, for example, from 0.01 to 5% by weight, with respect tothe total weight of the composition.

[0132] The combination of the two types of polymers for the compositionsdescribed above (at least one linear block copolymer+at least onepolymer chosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers) is found in aspecific base for washing compositions comprising the combination of atleast one anionic surface-active agent and of at least one additionalsurface-active agent chosen from nonionic surface-active agents andamphoteric surface-active agents.

[0133] The anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surface-active agents whichcan be used in the compositions disclosed herein are known and commonlyused in the cosmetics field.

[0134] For example, the at least one anionic surface-active agent whichcan be used in the compositions disclosed herein, can be chosen fromsalts, for example, alkali metal salts, such as sodium salts; ammoniumsalts; amine salts; aminoalcohol salts; alkaline earth metal salts, forexample, magnesium salts, of the following types: alkyl sulfates, alkylether sulfates, alkylamido ether sulfates, alkylarylpolyether sulfates,monoglyceride sulfates; alkylsulfonates; alkylamidesulfonates;alkylarylsulfonates; α-olefinsulfonates; paraffinsulfonates; alkylsulfosuccinates; alkyl ether sulfosuccinates; alkylamidesulfosuccinates; alkyl sulfoacetates; acylsarcosinates; andacylglutamates, wherein the alkyl and acyl groups of all these compoundscomprise from 6 to 24 carbon atoms and the aryl groups may be chosen,for example, from a phenyl group and a benzyl group.

[0135] The at least one anionic surface-active agent may also be chosen,for example, from C₆₋₂₄ alkyl monoesters of polyglycosidedicarboxylicacids, such as alkyl glucosidecitrates, alkyl polyglycosidetartrates andalkyl polyglycosidesulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinamates,acylisethionates and N-acyltaurates, wherein the alkyl and acyl groupsof all these compounds comprise from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0136] The at least one anionic surface-active agent which can be usedin the compositions disclosed herein may be chosen, for example, fromacyllactylates, the acyl group of which comprises from 8 to 20 carbonatoms.

[0137] In addition, the at least one anionic surface-active agent can bechosen, for example, from alkyl-D-galactosideuronic acids and the saltsthereof, and polyoxyalkylenated (C₆₋₂₄)alkyl ether carboxylic acids,polyoxyalkylenated (C₆₋₂₄)alkyl(C₆₋₂₄)aryl ether carboxylic acids,polyoxyalkylenated (C₆₋₂₄)alkylamido ether carboxylic acids and thesalts thereof, for example, those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxideunits.

[0138] Further, for example, the at least one anionic surfaceactive-agent may be chosen from alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates andalkyl ether carboxylates, for example, in the form of alkali metal andalkaline earth metal, ammonium, amine and aminoalcohol salts.

[0139] The amphoteric surface-active agents which can be used in thecompositions disclosed herein can, for example, be chosen fromderivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines wherein thealiphatic group is chosen from linear and branched chains comprisingfrom 8 to 22 carbon atoms and comprising at least one anionic group, forexample, at least one anionic group chosen from carboxylate, sulfonate,sulfate, phosphate and phosphonate groups. The amphoteric surface-activeagents may be chosen, further, for example, from (C₈₋₂₀)alkyl betaines,sulfobetaines, (C₈₋₂₀)alkyl amido(C₆₋₈)alkyl betaines and (C₈₋₂₀)alkylamido(C₆₋₈)alkyl sulfobetaines.

[0140] For example, among the amine derivatives, the products sold underthe name Miranol®, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,528,378 and2,781,354 and classified in the CTFA dictionary, 3rd edition, 1982,under the names Amphocarboxyglycinate and Amphocarboxypropionate, withthe respective formulae (1) and (2) may be used in the compositionsdisclosed herein:

R_(a)-CONHCH₂CH₂-N⁺(R_(b))(R_(c))(CH₂COO⁻)  (1)

[0141] wherein:

[0142] R_(a) is chosen from heptyl, nonyl and undecyl groups, and alkylgroups derived from an acid R_(a)-COOH present in hydrolyzed coconutoil,

[0143] R_(b) is a β-hydroxyethyl group, and

[0144] R_(c) is chosen from carboxymethyl groups; and

R_(a)′-CONHCH₂CH₂-N(B)(C)  (2)

[0145] wherein:

[0146] B is chosen from —CH₂CH₂OX′ groups,

[0147] C is chosen from —(CH₂)_(z)-Y′ groups, wherein z=1 or 2,

[0148] X′ is chosen from the —CH₂CH₂—COOH group and a hydrogen atom,

[0149] Y′ is chosen from —COOH and —CH₂—CHOH—SO₃H groups, and

[0150] R_(a)′ is chosen from alkyl groups of an acid R_(a)′-COOH presentin hydrolyzed linseed oil and coconut oil, and alkyl groups, forexample, a C₁₇ alkyl group and its iso form, and an unsaturated C₁₇alkyl group.

[0151] These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5thedition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodiumlauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodiumcapryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodiumlauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodiumcapryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid andcocoamphodipropionic acid.

[0152] For example, the cocoamphodiacetate sold by Rhodia under thetradename Miranol® C2M concentrate may be used.

[0153] The amphoteric surface-active agents may, for example, be chosenfrom (C₈₋₂₀ alkyl) betaines, (C₈₋₂₀ alkyl) amido(C₆₋₈ alkyl) betaines,and alkylamphodiacetates.

[0154] The nonionic surface-active agents which can be used in thecompositions disclosed herein can be chosen from compounds well knownper se (see, for example, “Handbook of Surfactants” by M. R. Porter,published by Blackie & Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp. 116-178). Thenonionic surface-active agents are chosen, for example, frompolyethoxylated, polypropoxylated and polyglycerolated fatty acids,(C₁₋₂₀)alkylphenols, α-diols and alcohols comprising at least one fattychain comprising, for example, from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, it beingpossible for the number of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide groups torange, for example, from 2 to 50 and it being possible for the number ofglycerol groups to range, for example, from 2 to 30.

[0155] The nonionic surface-active agents may also, for example, bechosen from condensates of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide withfatty alcohols; polyethoxylated fatty amides, for example, thosecomprising from 2 to 30 ethylene oxide units, polyglycerolated fattyamides comprising on average from 1 to 5 glycerol groups, for example,from 1.5 to 4 glycerol groups, sorbitan ethoxylated fatty acid esterscomprising from 2 to 30 ethylene oxide units, sucrose fatty acid esters,polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, (C₆₋₂₄ alkyl)polyglycosides,N-(C₆₋₂₄ alkyl)glucamine derivatives, and amine oxides, such as oxidesof (C₁₀₋₁₄ alkyl)amines and N-(C₁₀₋₁₄ acyl)aminopropylmorpholine oxides.

[0156] The nonionic surface-active agents may also be chosen, forexample, among the abovementioned nonionic surfactants, from (C₆₋₂₄alkyl)polyglycosides.

[0157] The amount of the at least one anionic surface-active agent mayrange, for example, from 3% to 35% by weight, further, for example, from5% to 25% by weight, with respect to the total weight of thecomposition.

[0158] The total amount of the at least one additional surface-activeagent chosen from amphoteric and nonionic surface-active agents ranges,for example, from 0.5 to 30% by weight and further, for example, from 1to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0159] The pH of the washing compositions disclosed herein may, forexample, range from 2 to 11 and further, for example, from 3 to 10.

[0160] The liquid medium of the compositions disclosed herein may bechosen from aqueous and aqueous/alcoholic mediums, i.e., in the lattercase, the compositions comprise, in addition to an aqueous phase, atleast one solvent chosen from lower alcohols, such as ethanol andisopropanol, and polyols, such as glycerol, propylene glycol andpolyethylene glycols.

[0161] The compositions disclosed herein can further comprise at leastone additive chosen from cosmetic active principles and formulationadditives, such as natural and synthetic, anionic, amphoteric,zwitterionic, nonionic and cationic and associative and nonassociativepolymeric thickeners, nonpolymeric thickeners, such as acids andelectrolytes, cationic surface-active agents, pearlescence agents,opacifying agents, dyes and pigments, fragrances, mineral, vegetableoils, synthetic oils, soluble, dispersible and insoluble silicones,waxes including ceramides, vitamins, UV screening agents, agents forcombating free radicals, plasticizers, preservatives and pH-stabilizingagents.

[0162] A person skilled in the art will take care to choose the optionaladditives and their amounts so that they do not harm the advantageousproperties of the compositions for washing keratinous fibers disclosedherein.

[0163] The compositions disclosed herein can optionally be provided inan aerosol form.

[0164] The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrated using thefollowing examples, without, however, being limiting in nature.

EXAMPLE 1

[0165] The following two shampoos A and B were prepared: Shampoo AShampoo B Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (2 EO)  17% a.m.  17% a.m.Cocobetaine 2.5% a.m. 2.5% a.m. JR 400^(a)) 0.25%  0.5% Cationic blockcopolymer^(b)) 0.25% — Water q.s. for q.s. for  100%  100%

[0166] Locks of natural hair were washed with each of the above shampoosand were subjected, after drying, to an evaluation by ten experts. Nineout of the ten experts found that the lock washed with shampoo A,according to the compositions disclosed herein, had a smoother feel andexhibited more body than the lock washed with shampoo B according to thestate of the art.

EXAMPLE 2

[0167] A shampoo with the following composition was prepared: Sodiumlauryl ether sulfate (2 EG)  17% a.m. Cocobetaine 2.6% a.m. JR 400 0.25%Anionic block copolymer^(a)) 0.25% Water q.s. for  100%

[0168] The composition had the same effects as those of composition A ofexample 1.

What is claimed is:
 1. A composition for washing a keratinous substancecomprising, in a cosmetically acceptable aqueous or aqueous/alcoholicmedium, at least one linear block copolymer comprising at least onehydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block, with the exceptionof block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide, blockcopolymers comprising urethane units and block copolymers comprisingsiloxane units, at least one polymer chosen from cationic and amphotericpolymers, and at least one anionic surface-active agent in combinationwith at least one additional surface-active agent chosen from nonionicsurface-active agents and amphoteric surface-active agents.
 2. Thewashing composition according to claim 1, wherein the keratinoussubstance is keratinous fibers.
 3. The washing composition according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one linear block copolymer, optionallyneutralized, is dissolved or finely dispersed in the aqueous oraqueous/alcoholic medium.
 4. The washing composition according to claim3, wherein the at least one linear block copolymer, optionallyneutralized, is soluble in water.
 5. The washing composition accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one hydrophilic block of the at leastone linear block copolymer is formed of water-soluble monomers chosenfrom at least one of anionic water-soluble monomers, nonionicwater-soluble monomers, and cationic water-soluble monomers.
 6. Thewashing composition according to claim 5, wherein the anionicwater-soluble monomers are chosen from carboxylic acids comprisingethylenic unsaturation, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid,styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid and vinylphosphonic acid. 7.The washing composition according to claim 5, wherein the nonionicwater-soluble monomers are chosen from acrylamides, N-(C₁₋₆alkylated)acrylamides, N,N-di(C₁₋₃ alkylated)acrylamides, polyethyleneglycol acrylates, polyethylene glycol methacrylates, N-vinylacetamides,N-methyl-N-vinylacetamides, N-vinylformamides,N-methyl-N-vinylformamides, N-vinyllactams comprising at least onecyclic group chosen from cyclic groups comprising from 4 to 9 carbonatoms, vinyl alcohols, ethylene oxides, hydroxyethyl acrylates,hydroxypropyl acrylates, hydroxyethyl methacrylates and hydroxypropylmethacrylates.
 8. The washing composition according to claim 5, whereinthe cationic water-soluble monomers are chosen fromdimethyldiallylammonium chloride, methylvinylimidazolium chloride,2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine,N-(C₁₋₄alkyl)-4-vinylpyridinium halides, vinylamine and monomers of thefollowing formula: H₂C═CR₁-CO-X₂ wherein: R₁ is chosen from a hydrogenatom and a methyl group; X₂ is chosen from linear and branched C₁₋₆hydrocarbonaceous groups carrying at least one entity chosen fromprimary, secondary and tertiary amine functional groups; quaternarynitrogen atoms, groups of formula NHR₂, and groups of formula NR₂R₃wherein R₂ and R₃, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched C₁₋₆ hydrocarbonaceous groups carrying at leastone entity chosen from primary, secondary and tertiary amine functionalgroups and quaternary nitrogen atoms.
 9. The washing compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one hydrophobic block isformed from water-insoluble monomers chosen from at least one ofvinylaromatic monomers, dienes and alkylated derivatives of dienes,chloroprene, C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl and C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl acrylates, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl and C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl methacrylates, vinyl acetate, vinylethers of formula CH₂═CH-O-R and allyl ethers of formula CH₂═CH-CH₂-O-Rwherein R is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl groups, acrylonitrile, vinylchloride, vinylidene chloride, caprolactone, ethylene, propylene, andfluorinated vinyl monomers and vinyl monomers comprising at least oneperfluorinated chain.
 10. The washing composition according to claim 1,wherein the at least one hydrophilic block comprises up to 25 mol % ofwater-insoluble monomers chosen from at least one of vinylaromaticmonomers, dienes and alkylated derivatives of dienes, chloroprene, C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl and C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl acrylates, C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryland C₇₋₂₀ aralkyl methacrylates, vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers of formulaCH₂═CH-O-R and allyl ethers of formula CH₂═CH-CH₂-O-R wherein R ischosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl groups, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidenechloride, caprolactone, ethylene, propylene, and fluorinated vinylmonomers and vinyl monomers comprising at least one perfluorinatedchain.
 11. The washing composition according to claim 10, wherein the atleast one hydrophilic block comprises up to 10 mol % of at least one ofthe water-insoluble monomers.
 12. The washing composition according toclaim 11, wherein the at least one hydrophilic block comprises up to 5mol % of at least one of the water-insoluble monomers.
 13. The washingcomposition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one hydrophobicblock comprises up to 25 mol % of at least one of water-soluble monomerschosen from anionic water-soluble monomers, nonionic water-solublemonomers, and cationic water-soluble monomers.
 14. The washingcomposition according to claim 13, wherein the at least one hydrophobicblock comprises up to 10 mol % of at least one of the water-solublemonomers.
 15. The washing composition according to claim 14, wherein theat least one hydrophobic block comprises up to 5 mol % of at least oneof the water-soluble monomers.
 16. The washing composition according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one linear block copolymer is present in aconcentration ranging from 0.01 to 20% by weight, relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 17. The washing composition according toclaim 16, wherein the at least one linear block copolymer is present ina concentration ranging from 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 18. The washing composition according toclaim 1, wherein the cationic and amphoteric polymers are chosen fromsynthetic polymers and polymers obtained by chemical modification ofpolysaccharides.
 19. The washing composition according to claim 18,wherein the cationic polymers are chosen from homopolymers andcopolymers of acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, acrylamides andmethacrylamides comprising at least one amine functional group; polymerscomprising at least one unit chosen from piperazinyl units and at leastone unit chosen from alkylene and hydroxyalkylene units; water-solublepolyaminoamides; cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and ofdialkyldiallylammonium; diquaternary ammonium polymers; polyquaternaryammonium polymers; quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and ofvinylimidazole, polyamines; crosslinked and noncrosslinked polymers ofmethacryloyloxy(C₁₋₄)alkyltri(C₁₋₄)alkylammonium salts; cellulose etherderivatives comprising at least one quaternary ammonium group; cationiccellulose derivatives; cationic guar gums; and cationic chitosans. 20.The washing composition according to claim 18, wherein the amphotericpolymers are chosen from copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chlorideand of acrylic acid; terpolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, ofacrylamide and of acrylic acid; terpolymers ofacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, of acrylamide and of2-amidopropanesulfonic acid; terpolymers ofmethacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, of methyl acrylate andof acrylic acid; guar gums carrying at least one cationic group and atleast one anionic group; amphoteric derivatives of cellulose ethers; andchitosans comprising at least one carboxyl group.
 21. The washingcomposition according to claim 20, wherein the at least one cationicgroup is chosen from primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups,ammonium groups, sulfonium groups, and phosphonium groups.
 22. Thewashing composition according claim 20, wherein the at least one anionicgroup is chosen from carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, andphosphonate groups.
 23. The washing composition according to claim 1,wherein the cationic and amphoteric polymers are film-forming polymers.24. The washing composition according to claim 1, wherein the at leastone polymer chosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers is present in aconcentration ranging from 0.001% to 20% by weight, relative to thetotal weight of the composition.
 25. The washing composition accordingto claim 24, wherein the at least one polymer chosen from cationic andamphoteric polymers is present in a concentration ranging from 0.01 to5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
 26. Thewashing composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least oneanionic surface-active agent is chosen from alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethersulfates and alkyl ether carboxylates.
 27. The washing compositionaccording to claim 26, wherein the at least one anionic surface-activeagent is chosen from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium,amine, and aminoalcohol salts of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates,and alkyl ether carboxylates.
 28. The washing composition according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one anionic surface-active agent ispresent in a concentration ranging from 3 to 35% by weight, relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 29. The washing compositionaccording to claim 28, wherein the at least one anionic surface-activeagent is present in a concentration ranging from 5 to 25% by weight,relative to the total weight of the composition.
 30. The washingcomposition according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surface-activeagents are chosen from (C₆₋₂₄ alkyl)polyglycosides.
 31. The washingcomposition according to claim 1, wherein the amphoteric surface-activeagents are chosen from at least one of (C₈₋₂₀ alkyl) betaines, (C₈₋₂₀alkyl) amido(C₆₋₈ alkyl) betaines, and alkylamphodiacetates.
 32. Thewashing composition according to claim 1, wherein the total amount ofthe at least one additional surface-active agent chosen from amphotericand nonionic surface-active agents ranges from 0.5 to 30% by weight,relative to the total weight of the composition.
 33. The washingcomposition according to claim 32, wherein the total amount of the atleast one additional surface-active agent chosen from amphoteric andnonionic surface-active agents ranges from 1 to 20% by weight, relativeto the total weight of the composition.
 34. A process for washing akeratinous substance comprising applying to the keratinous substance acomposition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable aqueous oraqueous/alcoholic medium, at least one linear block copolymer comprisingat least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block, withthe exception of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propyleneoxide, block copolymers comprising urethane units and block copolymerscomprising siloxane units, at least one polymer chosen from cationic andamphoteric polymers, and at least one anionic surface-active agent incombination with at least one additional surface-active agent chosenfrom nonionic surface-active agents and amphoteric surface-activeagents.
 35. The process according to claim 34, wherein the keratinoussubstance are keratinous fibers.